The methods and conclusions of science are never certain. "Charles Sanders Peirce, who was the principal American philosopher of mind, wrote: ‘the conclusions of science make no pretense to being more than probable,’ and John Venn said: ‘no ultimate objective certainty is attainable by any exercise of the human reason;’ and Immanuel Kant: ‘Hypotheses always remain hypotheses, that is, suppositions to the complete certainty of which we can never attain.’ "
